These studies are usually done in patients suspected of neuropathy. This is a non-invasive test that can be done in a very short time with no significant discomfort.
Electromyography (EMG):-
This is usually done in cases of myopathy or in suspected nerve injuries and other neuromuscular disorders. It is done with the help of an EMG needle and requires some degree of patient cooperation.
Electroencephalography (EEG):-
This is done in case of seizures in patients, for diagnosis of epilepsy syndromes or in patients with suspected sub clinical seizures to rule out non convulsive status and also in patients of status epilepticus. It is done with electrodes attached to the scalp of the patient. It is non invasive and painless study.
Repetitive Nerve stimulation study (RNST):-
This study is done in the case of suspected cases of myasthenia gravis. It helps in the diagnosis of neuromuscular junction disorders. It involves repetitive stimulation of proximal and distal muscles
Visual evoked potentials (VEP):-
These are recorded to know the functioning of the anterior visual pathway. Primarily these are recorded in patients suspected of optic neuritis or other demyelinating disorders.
Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAER):-
These potentials help in the determination of any abnormalities in the auditory pathway. Primarily employed in the investigation of demyelinating disorders.
Autonomic function tests (AFT):-
These are employed in the diagnosis of disorders of autonomic function like orthostatic hypotension or in some autonomic neuropathies as seen in diabetes or amyloidosis
CT scan:-
This investigation is a very short duration test that helps in the diagnosis of various neurological problems. Primarily employed in diagnosis intracranial bleed, calcification, or fractures- bone-related issues. Various studies- plain, contrast, and angiography can be done by using a ct scan
MRI:-
This investigation requires a longer duration, but it offers a clear resolution of soft tissues and diagnosis of the problem. Various studies- plain, contrast, and angiography can be done along with MR spectroscopy.
PET scan:-
This is a functional imaging study that detects areas of hyper or hypo metabolism. It helps in identification of occult tumours in paraneoplastic encephalitis and also the brain areas of hyper or hypo metabolism - useful in cases of dementia or autoimmune encephalitis